«上一篇/Previous Article|本期目录/Table of Contents|下一篇/Next Article»

《现代预防医学》[ISSN:1003-8507/CN:51-1365/R]

期数:

2022年17期

页码:

3090-3095

栏目:

流行病与统计方法

出版日期:

2022-09-15

文章信息/Info

Title:

Epidemic and pathogenic characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Xi’an City, 2016 to 2021

作者:

朱永海¹; 淮蓓²; 胡飞燕³; 王春娟⁴; 张辉⁴

1.西安市高陵区疾病预防控制中心,陕西 西安 710200;
2.西安市高陵区卫生计生综合监督所;
3.西安市高陵区通远镇卫生院;
4.西安市疾病预防控制中心

Author(s):

ZHU Yong-hai^*;  HUAI Bei;  HU Fei-yan;  WANG Chun-juan;  ZHANG Hui

^*Xi’an Gaoling District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi’an Shanxi 710200,China

关键词:

其他感染性腹泻;  病原谱;  流行特征;  监测;  分析

Keywords:

Other infectious diarrhea;  Pathogenic spectrum;  Epidemic characteristics;  Surveillance;  Analysis

分类号:

R181.3 R442.2

DOI:

10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202203747

文献标识码:

A

摘要:

目的 了解2016—2021年西安市其他感染性腹泻的流行病学特征和病原分布特征,为其防制提供参考依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法分析西安市其他感染性腹泻的三间分布特征和病原谱构成特征,采用ArcMap 10.2软件对疫情变化趋势进行可视化分析。结果 2016—2021年全市共报告其他感染性腹泻69 982例,年均发病率121.21/10万,病死率4.29‰(3/69 982),其中明确病原诊断者占实验室确诊病例47.79%(16 541/34 611); 共报告6起诺如病毒暴发疫情,平均罹患率1.06%(733/69 302),无重症和死亡病例。男女发病率性别比为1.23:1; 病例主要是3岁以下儿童(54 059例,77.25%),涉及人群主要是散居儿童(55 785例,79.71%)、学生(4 272例,6.10%)和幼托儿童(2 556例,3.65%); 冬季高峰(12—1月)显著(26 007例,37.16%),夏季则不明显; 未央区年发病率连续6年居全市各区县首位,年均发病率359.24/10万。病例发病到诊断中位时间为1.0(1.0,3.0)d。有明确病原诊断者中病毒感染15 992例(96.68%),细菌感染376例(2.27%),病毒混合感染144例(0.87%),细菌病毒混合感染26例(0.16%),真菌感染2例,原虫感染1例; 其中轮状病毒感染15 057例(91.03%)。结论 西安市其他感染性腹泻疫情形势严峻,建议冬季在重点地区对散居儿童加强行为干预; 该地区病原谱以病毒为主,尤其是轮状病毒; 当地医疗机构应加强实验室诊断能力,统一报告标准和流程,提高其病原学诊断率。

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogens distribution characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Xi’an city from 2016 to 2021, and to provide reference for its prevention and treatment. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of other infectious diarrhea and its pathogen spectrum characteristics in Xi’an City from 2016 to 2021 collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Infectious Disease Reporting Information System. Then ArcMap 10.2 software was used to visualize the epidemic characteristics. Results A total of 69 982 cases of other infectious diarrhea were reported from 2016 to 2021, with the average annual incidence of 121.21/100 000 and fatality rate of 4.29‰(3/69 982). The laboratory diagnostic rate of reported cases was 49.46%(34 611/69 982), and 47.79%(16 541/34 611)of them were diagnosed with pathogens clearly. There were also 6 norovirus outbreaks reported with an average incidence of 1.06%(733/69 302), no severe cases or deaths were reported. The incidence ratio of males to females was 1.23:1. Most cases were under 3 years old, accounting for 77.25%(54 059/69 302). The cases mainly involved scattered children(55 785 cases, 79.71%), students(4 272 cases, 6.10%)and childcare children(2 556 cases, 3.65%). The cases peak of other infectious diarrhea in winter(December—January)was significant(26 007 cases, 37.16%), but not in summer. Weiyang District had the highest incidence rate(359.24/100 000)in Xi’an City for 6 consecutive years. The median time for all cases from onset to diagnosis was 1.0(1.0,3.0)d. Among the pathogen cases, 15 992(96.68%)cases were infected with virus and 15 057(91.03%)cases were infected with rotavirus, 376(2.27%)cases were infected with bacteria, 144(0.87%)cases were infected with mixed virus, 26(0.16%)cases were infected with bacteria and virus, 2 cases were infected with fungi, and 1 case was infected with protozoa. Conclusion The situation of prevention and control of other infectious diarrhea in Xi’an is serious, and it is suggested to strengthen the intervention of scattered children in key areas in winter. The pathogen spectrum was mainly virus, especially rotavirus. Local medical institutions should strengthen their laboratory diagnostic capacity and develop uniform standards and procedures for pathogen reporting to improve their pathogen diagnosis rates.

参考文献/References

[1] 中国疾病预防控制中心.感染性腹泻病[EB/OL].
[2022-07-19]. https://www.chinacdc.cn/jkzt/crb/bl/grxfxb/.Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Infectious diarrheal disease[EB/OL].
[2022-07-19]. https://www.chinacdc.cn/jkzt/crb/bl/grxfxb/.
[2] World Health Organization. Diarrhoea[EB/OL].
[2022-07-19]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease.
[3] 中国国家疾病预防控制局.2020年全国法定传染病疫情概况[EB/OL].
[2022-07-21]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s3578/202103/f1a448b7df7d4760976fea6d55834966.shtml.National Administration for Disease Control and Prevention ofChina. General situation of notifiable infectious diseases in China in 2020[EB/OL].
[2022-07-21]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s3578/202103/f1a448b7df7d4760976fea6d55834966.shtml.
[4] 杨琳,赵寒,李勤,等.2009—2019年重庆市其他感染性腹泻流行特征分析[J].热带病与寄生虫学,2020,18(3):151-154.Yang L, Zhao H, Li Q, et al. Analysis on the endemic characteristics for other infectious diarrhea in Chongqing, 2009-2019[J]. Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology, 2020, 18(3): 151-154.
[5] 苏通,刘莹莹,赵文娜,等.河北省2015—2020年其他感染性腹泻流行特征及时空聚集性[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2022,26(2):175-181.Su T, Liu YY, Zhao WN, et al. Epidemiological characteristics and spatial-temporal cluster analysis of other infectious diarrhea in Hebei Province from 2015 to 2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Disease Control and Prevention, 2022, 26(2): 175-181.
[6] 饶健,杨荣兴,梅树江.2017—2019年深圳市其他感染性腹泻流行特征分析[J].新发传染病电子杂志,2021,6(3):247-249.Rao J, Yang RX, Mei SJ. Epidemiologic characteristics of infectious diarrhea in Shenzhen during 2017-2019[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2021, 6(3): 247-249.
[7] 李学,杨汶桢,雷娟.2009—2018年贵阳市其他感染性腹泻流行及病原学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2020,47(8):1360-1363. Li X, Yang MZ, Lei J. Analysis of epidemic and pathogenic characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Guiyang city from 2009 to 2018[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2020, 47(8): 1360-1363.
[8] 崔朋伟,杭惠,沈严章,等.2011—2020年苏州市其他感染性腹泻病例特征[J].预防医学,2021,33(12):1253-1255.Cui PW, Hang H, Shen YZ, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Suzhou city from 2011 to 2020[J]. Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2021, 33(12): 1253-1255.
[9] 王永红,何小阳,黄中秀,等.重庆市黔江区2018—2020年感染性腹泻病原菌流行病学特征分析[J].现代医药卫生,2021,37(24):4156-4159.Wang YH, He XY, Huang ZX, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea pathogens from 2018 to 2020 in Qianjiang District of Chongqing[J]. Journal of Modern Medicine Health, 2021, 37(24): 4156-4159.
[10] 杨慧,陈应坚,金玉娟,等.2010—2014年深圳市龙岗区其他感染性腹泻病原谱监测结果分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2016,26(24):3584-3587.Yang H, Chen YJ, Jin YJ, et al.Analysis of the surveillance results of infectious diarrhea spectrum in Longgang district of Shenzhen during 2010—2014[J]. Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology, 2016, 26(24): 3584-3587.
[11] 高璐,孙忠.天津市居民腹泻症状发生情况及就医行为调查分析[J].天津医药,2016,44(3):373-376.Gao L, Sun Z. The investigation and analysis ondiarrhea incidence and treatment behavior inTianjin community[J]. Tianjin Medical Journal, 2016, 44(3): 373-376.
[12] 刘雅琼,廖雪春,郝彩霞,等.2017—2018年四川省其他感染性腹泻流行病学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2019,46(23):4247-4250.Liu YQ, Liao XC, Hao CX, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Sichuan Province, 2017—2018[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2019, 46(23): 4247-4250.
[13] 张振,李媛,路滟,等.2010—2015年广东省深圳市其他感染性腹泻监测分析[J].疾病监测,2017,32(10):836-841.Zhang Z, Li Y, Lu Y, et al. Surveillance for other infectious diarrheal diseases in Shenzhen, Guangdong, 2010-2015[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2017, 32(10): 836-841.
[14] 张辉,王春娟,谢龙,等.2003—2015年西安市其他感染性腹泻细菌病原学监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(22):4200-4203.Zhang H, Wang CJ, Xie L, et al. Pathogenic detection of infectious diarrhea in patients in Xi’an city from 2003 to 2015[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2016, 43(22): 4200-4203.
[15] 李兰娟,任红.传染病学[M].8版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2013.Li LJ, Ren H. Infectious disease[M]. 8th ed. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2013.
[16] 吕榜军,黎明强,覃彦香.轮状病毒其他感染性腹泻流行及疫苗的研究进展[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(4):739-741.Lv BJ, Li MQ, Qin YX. Research progress on rotavirus gastroenteritis epidemic and rotavirus vaccine[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2016, 43(4): 739-741. 收稿日期:2022-03-29

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

基金项目:陕西省2020年自然科学基础研究项目(2020JQ-969)
作者简介:朱永海(1988—),男,主管医师,研究方向:传染病预防控制工作
通讯作者:张辉,E-mail: 493490422@qq.com

常用功能

更新日期/Last Update: 2022-09-15